The diverse landscapes of Mallorca
Mallorca, the largest of the Balearic Islands, boasts an impressive variety of landscapes. From majestic mountain ranges to fertile plains and idyllic stretches of coastline, the island offers a wealth of natural experiences. Below we give you a detailed overview of the different landscape zones of Mallorca.
Serra de Tramuntana: the backbone of Mallorca
The Serra de Tramuntana stretches for around 90 kilometers along the northwest coast of Mallorca and forms the striking backbone of the island. This mountain range was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011 and is characterized by its impressive geomorphology and cultural landscape.
Geography and summits
With an area of around 1,067 square kilometers, the Serra de Tramuntana is home to a total of 54 peaks that are over a thousand meters high. The highest of these is Puig Major at 1,445 meters, followed by Puig de Massanella (1,364 m), Puig Tomir (1,103 m) and Puig de l’Ofre (1,093 m). Below Puig Major are the two drinking water reservoirs Embassament de Cúber and Embassament des Gorg Blau, which not only serve as a water supply but are also very scenic.
Flora and fauna
The Serra de Tramuntana is home to a rich flora and fauna. The higher altitudes are dominated by holm oak forests (Quercus ilex), while Aleppo pines (Pinus halepensis) predominate near the sea. Numerous endemic plant species such as the Balearic St. John’s wort (Hypericum balearicum) and the Balearic cinquefoil (Digitalis minor) are native to the area. The karstified ridges and inaccessible ravines also provide a habitat for the endemic Majorcan midwife toad (Alytes muletensis).
Cultural highlights
The region is rich in cultural treasures. Historic villages such as Sóller, Fornalutx, Deià and Valldemossa enchant with their traditional architecture and narrow alleyways. Terraced landscapes dating back to Arab times characterize the landscape, especially in places like Banyalbufar. These terraces were created to make the steep slopes usable for cultivation and to prevent erosion.
Hiking paradise GR 221
For hiking enthusiasts, the GR 221 long-distance hiking trail, also known as the “Ruta de Pedra en Sec” (dry stone route), is an excellent way to explore the Serra de Tramuntana. The trail leads through impressive landscapes, past historic dry stone walls and offers breathtaking views of the Mediterranean.
Es Raiguer: The fertile transition zone
The Es Raiguer region lies between the Serra de Tramuntana and the central plain of Mallorca. This zone forms a natural transitional region and stretches from the La Victoria peninsula to the island’s capital, Palma.
Agriculture and crafts
Agriculture is less intensive in Es Raiguer due to the mountainous topography. Nevertheless, there are important wine-growing areas, particularly around the towns of Santa Maria del Camí, Binissalem and Alaró. These regions are known for their high-quality wines, which are appreciated both locally and internationally. In addition to viticulture, Es Raiguer also has a long tradition of craftsmanship. The town of Inca, the center of the region, is particularly known for its leather goods production and is often referred to as the “leather capital of Mallorca”.
Pla de Mallorca: The granary of the island
In the heart of Mallorca is the Pla de Mallorca, a vast plain that is considered the agricultural center of the island. With an area of around 600 square kilometers, it is often referred to as the “granary of Mallorca”.
Agricultural importance
The fertile soils of the Pla de Mallorca allow the cultivation of a variety of crops. In addition to cereals, almonds, wine, potatoes, vegetables, rice and corn are also grown here. Thanks to the mild climate and sheltered location, up to four harvests per year are possible in some regions. In addition to traditional agriculture, agritourism is becoming increasingly important. Many fincas offer accommodation for tourists who want to experience rural life and Mallorcan culture up close.
Llevant: The varied eastern region
The Llevant region in the east of Mallorca is characterized by a diverse landscape that ranges from rolling hills to impressive stretches of coastline.
Geography and nature
The Serra de Llevant, a mountain range with peaks that rarely exceed 500 meters, characterizes the region. The varied landscape includes fertile fields, cliffs, bays and sandy beaches. Well-known coastal towns such as Cala Millor, Son Servera, Sa Coma and Cala Ratjada attract numerous visitors with their beautiful beaches. The region is also home to impressive natural caves such as the Coves del Drac.
